The vacuum tube, invented in 1904 by John Ambrose Fleming, was the first true electronic component and led to the development of radios, televisions, and early computers.

A single microchip today can contain billions of transistors, allowing modern computers, smartphones, and even household appliances to function efficiently.

Most electronic devices use silicon-based semiconductors, which are the key material in microprocessors and integrated circuits.

Gordon Moore predicted in 1965 that the number of transistors on a microchip would double approximately every two years, leading to rapid advancements in computing power.